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  Learning Times > µ¶ÇØ/¹ø¿ª > Discovery English
 
  Date : 2010-07-20
Food chain
 
 

<´ÙÀ½ ¾îÈÖ¸¦ Ȱ¿ëÇÏ¿© ºóÄ­À» ä¿öº¸¼¼¿ä>
( an ecosystem, living things, chemical energy, by eating plants )
 
All living things get energy from food.
¸ðµç »ý¹°µéÀ» À½½ÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò½À´Ï´Ù.
 
There are two ways (1)________________ can get food.
»ý¹°µéÀÌ À½½Ä¹°À» ¾ò´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº µÎ Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÁö¿ä.
 
They can either make their own food, or they can eat other organisms for food.
±×µéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ À½½Ä¹°À» ½º½º·Î ¸¸µé°Å³ª ȤÀº ´Ù¸¥ À¯±âü¸¦ À½½Ä¹°·Î ¼·ÃëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
 
Plants make their own food.
½Ä¹°µéÀº À½½Ä¹°À» ½º½º·Î ¸¸µì´Ï´Ù.
 
Some animals get food (2)______________________.
¾î¶² µ¿¹°µéÀº ½Ä¹°À» ¸ÔÀÌ·Î ¸Ô½À´Ï´Ù.
 
Some animals get food by eating other animals.
¾î¶² µ¿¹°µéÀº ´Ù¸¥ µ¿¹°µéÀ» ¸ÔÀÌ·Î ¸Ô½À´Ï´Ù.
 
When an animal eats a plant, it gets energy from the plant.
µ¿¹°ÀÌ ½Ä¹°À» ¸ÔÀ¸¸é, ±×°ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò½À´Ï´Ù.
 
When an animal eats an animal, it gets energy from the animal.
µ¿¹°ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ µ¿¹°À» ¸ÔÀ¸¸é ±×°ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò¾î³À´Ï´Ù.
 
We can see the flow of energy between organisms in a food chain.
¿ì¸®´Â ¸ÔÀÌ ±×¹°ÀÇ À¯±âüµé »çÀÌ¿¡ ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ È帧À» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
 
For example, a snail can get energy by eating grass.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ´ÞÆØÀÌ´Â Ç®À» ¸Ô¾î¼­ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò½À´Ï´Ù.
 
Then a bird can get energy by eating the snail, and a fox can get energy by eating the bird. ±×·¯¸é »õ´Â ´ÞÆØÀ̸¦ ¸ÔÀ½À¸·Î ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò°í, ¿©¿ì´Â »õ¸¦ ¸Ô¾î¼­ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò´Â °ÍÀÌÁÒ.
 
In this way, energy flows from the grass to the fox.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ È帧ÀÌ Ç®¿¡¼­ ¿©¿ì·Î À̵¿ÇÏÁö¿ä
 
Think of each organism as one link in the food chain.
¸ÔÀÌ ±×¹°ÀÇ ÇϳªÀÇ ¼±À¸·Î ¿¬°áµÈ °¢ À¯±âü¸¦ ¶°¿Ã·Áº¸¼¼¿ä.
 
Plants are the first link, followed in turn by each animal.
½Ä¹°Àº ¸Ç óÀ½¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ°í °¢°¢ÀÇ µ¿¹°µéÀÌ Â÷·Ê·Î À§Ä¡ÇÏ°Ô µÇÁö¿ä.
 
When plants make food from sunlight, they turn light energy into chemical energy.
½Ä¹°ÀÌ Å¾çÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ÔÀ̸¦ ¸¸µé¸é ±×µéÀº ÇÞºû¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ È­Çп¡³ÊÁö·Î ¹Ù²ß´Ï´Ù.
 
But what happens to this chemical energy if a plant is eaten?
±×·¯¸é ½Ä¹°ÀÌ ¸ÔÈ÷¸é ÀÌ È­Çп¡³ÊÁö´Â ¾î¶»°Ô µÉ±î¿ä?
 
When a snail eats a plant, it takes in the chemical energy from the plant.
´ÞÆØÀ̰¡ ½Ä¹°À» ¸ÔÀ» ¶§, ½Ä¹°ÀÇ È­Çп¡³ÊÁöµµ ÇÔ²² ¸Ô´Â °ÍÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.
 
It uses some of this chemical energy and turns it into the energy of motion.
±×°ÍÀº È­Çп¡³ÊÁöÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ¿îµ¿¿¡³ÊÁö·Î ¹Ù²Û´ä´Ï´Ù.
 
Even though snails are slow, they still need energy to move!
´ÞÆØÀ̰¡ ¾Æ¹«¸® ´À·Áµµ ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ·Á¸é ¿ª½Ã ¿¡³ÊÁö´Â ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´ä´Ï´Ù.
 
The snail may also store some energy in its body.
´ÞÆØÀÌ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¸ö¿¡ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ºñÃàÇÑ´ä´Ï´Ù.
 
This stored energy is also a form of (3)______________________.
ÀÌ·¸°Ô ºñÃàµÈ ¿¡³ÊÁöµµ È­Çп¡³ÊÁöÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À̶ø´Ï´Ù.
 
When a bird catches and eats a snail, it also turns the energy stored in the snail¡¯'s body into the energy it uses to stay alive.
»õ°¡ ´ÞÆØÀ̸¦ Àâ¾Æ¼­ ¸ÔÀ¸¸é, ±×°ÍÀº ´ÞÆØÀÌÀÇ ¸ö¿¡ ºñÃàµÈ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ »ýÁ¸À» À§ÇÑ ¿¡³ÊÁö¿øÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù´Â °ÍÀÌÁÒ.
 
Birds turn the energy in food into energy of motion, as well as heat energy.
»õµéÀº À½½Ä¹°ÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¿­ ¿¡³ÊÁö »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Ȱµ¿À» À§ÇÑ ¿¡³ÊÁö·Î ¹Ù²ß´Ï´Ù.
 
As you can see, energy changes forms many times as it travels through the food chain in (4)________________.
º¸½Ã´Ù½ÃÇÇ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¿¡³ÊÁö´Â ¿©·¯ Â÷·Ê º¯ÇüµÇ¸é¼­ »ýŰèÀÇ ¸ÔÀ̱׹°À» ¿©ÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌÁÒ.
 
Answers
(1) living things
(2) by eating plants
(3) chemical energy
(4) an ecosystem
 

 
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