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<´ÙÀ½ ¾îÈÖ¸¦ Ȱ¿ëÇÏ¿© ºóÄÀ» ä¿öº¸¼¼¿ä> ( an ecosystem, living things, chemical energy, by eating plants ) All living things get energy from food. ¸ðµç »ý¹°µéÀ» À½½ÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò½À´Ï´Ù. There are two ways (1)________________ can get food. »ý¹°µéÀÌ À½½Ä¹°À» ¾ò´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº µÎ Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÁö¿ä. They can either make their own food, or they can eat other organisms for food. ±×µéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ À½½Ä¹°À» ½º½º·Î ¸¸µé°Å³ª ȤÀº ´Ù¸¥ À¯±âü¸¦ À½½Ä¹°·Î ¼·ÃëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Plants make their own food. ½Ä¹°µéÀº À½½Ä¹°À» ½º½º·Î ¸¸µì´Ï´Ù. Some animals get food (2)______________________. ¾î¶² µ¿¹°µéÀº ½Ä¹°À» ¸ÔÀÌ·Î ¸Ô½À´Ï´Ù. Some animals get food by eating other animals. ¾î¶² µ¿¹°µéÀº ´Ù¸¥ µ¿¹°µéÀ» ¸ÔÀÌ·Î ¸Ô½À´Ï´Ù. When an animal eats a plant, it gets energy from the plant. µ¿¹°ÀÌ ½Ä¹°À» ¸ÔÀ¸¸é, ±×°ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò½À´Ï´Ù. When an animal eats an animal, it gets energy from the animal. µ¿¹°ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ µ¿¹°À» ¸ÔÀ¸¸é ±×°ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò¾î³À´Ï´Ù. We can see the flow of energy between organisms in a food chain. ¿ì¸®´Â ¸ÔÀÌ ±×¹°ÀÇ À¯±âüµé »çÀÌ¿¡ ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ È帧À» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. For example, a snail can get energy by eating grass. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ´ÞÆØÀÌ´Â Ç®À» ¸Ô¾î¼ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò½À´Ï´Ù. Then a bird can get energy by eating the snail, and a fox can get energy by eating the bird. ±×·¯¸é »õ´Â ´ÞÆØÀ̸¦ ¸ÔÀ½À¸·Î ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò°í, ¿©¿ì´Â »õ¸¦ ¸Ô¾î¼ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¾ò´Â °ÍÀÌÁÒ. In this way, energy flows from the grass to the fox. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ È帧ÀÌ Ç®¿¡¼ ¿©¿ì·Î À̵¿ÇÏÁö¿ä Think of each organism as one link in the food chain. ¸ÔÀÌ ±×¹°ÀÇ ÇϳªÀÇ ¼±À¸·Î ¿¬°áµÈ °¢ À¯±âü¸¦ ¶°¿Ã·Áº¸¼¼¿ä. Plants are the first link, followed in turn by each animal. ½Ä¹°Àº ¸Ç óÀ½¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ°í °¢°¢ÀÇ µ¿¹°µéÀÌ Â÷·Ê·Î À§Ä¡ÇÏ°Ô µÇÁö¿ä. When plants make food from sunlight, they turn light energy into chemical energy. ½Ä¹°ÀÌ Å¾çÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ÔÀ̸¦ ¸¸µé¸é ±×µéÀº ÇÞºû¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ÈÇп¡³ÊÁö·Î ¹Ù²ß´Ï´Ù. But what happens to this chemical energy if a plant is eaten? ±×·¯¸é ½Ä¹°ÀÌ ¸ÔÈ÷¸é ÀÌ ÈÇп¡³ÊÁö´Â ¾î¶»°Ô µÉ±î¿ä? When a snail eats a plant, it takes in the chemical energy from the plant. ´ÞÆØÀ̰¡ ½Ä¹°À» ¸ÔÀ» ¶§, ½Ä¹°ÀÇ ÈÇп¡³ÊÁöµµ ÇÔ²² ¸Ô´Â °ÍÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù. It uses some of this chemical energy and turns it into the energy of motion. ±×°ÍÀº ÈÇп¡³ÊÁöÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ¿îµ¿¿¡³ÊÁö·Î ¹Ù²Û´ä´Ï´Ù. Even though snails are slow, they still need energy to move! ´ÞÆØÀ̰¡ ¾Æ¹«¸® ´À·Áµµ ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ·Á¸é ¿ª½Ã ¿¡³ÊÁö´Â ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´ä´Ï´Ù. The snail may also store some energy in its body. ´ÞÆØÀÌ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¸ö¿¡ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ºñÃàÇÑ´ä´Ï´Ù. This stored energy is also a form of (3)______________________. ÀÌ·¸°Ô ºñÃàµÈ ¿¡³ÊÁöµµ ÈÇп¡³ÊÁöÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À̶ø´Ï´Ù. When a bird catches and eats a snail, it also turns the energy stored in the snail¡¯'s body into the energy it uses to stay alive. »õ°¡ ´ÞÆØÀ̸¦ Àâ¾Æ¼ ¸ÔÀ¸¸é, ±×°ÍÀº ´ÞÆØÀÌÀÇ ¸ö¿¡ ºñÃàµÈ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ »ýÁ¸À» À§ÇÑ ¿¡³ÊÁö¿øÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù´Â °ÍÀÌÁÒ. Birds turn the energy in food into energy of motion, as well as heat energy. »õµéÀº À½½Ä¹°ÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¿ ¿¡³ÊÁö »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Ȱµ¿À» À§ÇÑ ¿¡³ÊÁö·Î ¹Ù²ß´Ï´Ù. As you can see, energy changes forms many times as it travels through the food chain in (4)________________. º¸½Ã´Ù½ÃÇÇ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¿¡³ÊÁö´Â ¿©·¯ Â÷·Ê º¯ÇüµÇ¸é¼ »ýŰèÀÇ ¸ÔÀ̱׹°À» ¿©ÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌÁÒ. Answers (1) living things (2) by eating plants (3) chemical energy (4) an ecosystem |
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