| | ¸®ºñ¾ÆÀÇ ±¹°¡ ¿ø¼ö ¼¼·Â°ú ¹Ý Ä«´ÙÇÇ ¼¼·Â°£¿¡ ¹ú¾îÁö°í ÀÖ´Â ¹«Àå Ãæµ¹ÀÎ ¸®ºñ¾Æ Çõ¸í¿¡ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÁÖ¸ñÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¸®ºñ¾ÆÀÇ ¼öµµ Æ®¸®Æú¸®¿¡¼ ÀϾ´Â ³»Àü»óȲ ±×¸®°í Æ®¸®Æú¸®ÀÇ ¿ª»ç¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æº¸¸ç, ÃֽŠÅäÇà ÅäÇÈ¿¡ ´ëºñÇÏÀÚ. In Tripoli on September 12, thousands of Libyans gathered in Martyr¡¯s Square, formerly known as Green Square and recently renamed in honor of those who died in this summer¡¯s revolution. They were there to hear a speech by Mustafa Abdel Jalil, head of the National Transitional Council (NTC) that deposed the nation¡¯s longtime dictator, Colonel Muammar Gaddafi. Jalil promised a new Libya characterized by democracy, respect for Islam and the rule of law, and an important role for women in government. The crowd cheered its approval.
The eyes of the world have been on Tripoli since February, when a series of peaceful protests against government abuses were met with military violence on Gaddafi¡¯s orders. The demonstrations swelled into a pro-democracy uprising that swept the country, culminating in the rebels¡¯ capture of Tripoli in August. One of the many eccentric features of Gaddafi¡¯s decades-old rule is that while Tripoli is the official capital of Libya, neither its national legislature nor any of its ministries are located there. ¡á However, it was always the home base of the Gaddafi family, who occupied a luxurious, high-security compound called Bab al Iziziya in the southern part of the city. ¡á When the National Liberation Army (NLA), the military wing of the NTC, overran the compound in late August, Gaddafi and his household had already fled. ¡áAlthough Gaddafi refuses to concede defeat, as of this writing 89 countries have already recognized the NTC¡¯s Tripoli-based government. ¡á
Tripoli, which lies on the Mediterranean Sea near Libya¡¯s western border, has changed hands numerous times throughout its long history. Originally named Oea, it was founded in the 7thcentury by the Phoenicians, who probably found the location appealing because of its natural harbor and easily defended peninsula. By the third century CE it and its surrounding regions were a province of the Roman Empire. The Romans named the province Regio Tripolitana, or ¡°region of three cities¡±¡ªOea, Sabratha, and Leptis Magna. As the most important of the three cities, Oea retained the name Tripoli. After the fall of Rome the region came under Muslim rule, first by Egyptian dynasties and later by the Ottoman Empire. World War I saw the defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, paving the way for Tripoli¡¯s colonization by Italy, then by Britain. It only became the capital of an independent Kingdom of Libya in 1951 under King Idris. In 1969, Gaddafi took over in a military coup, establishing the Libyan Arab Republic. Even after four decades of brutal political repression, upon the outbreak of the civil war, Tripoli was the commercial and manufacturing center of one of the wealthiest countries in Africa. As of 2009, Libya had the continent¡¯s highest score on the Human Development Index, a measure of living standards. The city boasts many significant archaeological sites and an unspoiled medina quarter, or old town. For these reasons, as well as for its relatively mild Mediterranean climate, Tripoli has seen a steady increase in foreign tourism in recent years. Whether that trend will resume after the dust of revolution settles remains to be seen. 1. Look at the four squares [¡á] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. There is reason to believe that they escaped through a serious of tunnels that run underground from Bab al Iziziya to points throughout the city. Where would the sentence best fit? TIPS: ¹®Àå ¼ÓÀÇthey°¡ ´©±¸¸¦ ¶æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÎÁö¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÏ¸é ½±°Ô ´äÀ» °í¸¦ ¼ö Àִµ¥, they°¡ ÅͳÎÀ» ºüÁ® ³ª¿Í µµ¸Á°¬´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀ̹ǷΠGaddafi¿Í ±× °¡Á·µéÀÓÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ¼¼ ¹øÂ° ³×¸ð¿¡ µé¾î°¡´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù. 2. Which of the following is NOT true of Tripoli, according to paragraph 3? (A) It was once the Phoenician city of Oea. (B) Its geography made it attractive for settlement. (C) It comprised the entire Roman province of Regio Tripolitana. (D) It was the briefly the capital of the independent Kingdom of Libya. TIPS: ¼¼ ¹øÂ° ´Ü¶ô¿¡¼ ¼¼ °³ÀÇ µµ½ÃÁö¿ªÀ» ¡°Regio Tripolitana¡± ¶ó°í ¸í¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ¾ð±ÞµÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Tripoli´ÂOeaÁö¿ªÀÇ À̸§À» À¯ÁöÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î, (C)°¡ Á¤´äÀÌ´Ù. 3. What can be inferred about Tripoli from the information in paragraph 4? (A) Much of its wealth was gained through political corruption. (B) The civil war interrupted the growth of its tourism industry. (C) Gadaffi was fairly popular until its economy slowed down. (D Its residents have little interest in preserving historical sites. TIPS: ³»Àü ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ±×·± °æÇâÀÌ ´Ù½Ã Àç°³µÉÁö´Â µÎ°í ºÁ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¸¶Áö¸· ¹®ÀåÀ» ¹Ì·ç¾îº¸¾Æ, ³»ÀüÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ °ü±¤»ê¾÷ÀÌ ¹æÇØ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» À¯ÃßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ (B)°¡ Á¤´äÀÌ´Ù. Á¤´ä 1.Third Square, 2.C, 3. B Vocabulary -depose: v. ¹°·¯³ª°Ô ÇÏ´Ù / to remove a leader or ruler from a position of power -culminate: v. ³¡ÀÌ ³ª´Ù / if a process culminates in or with a particular event, it ends with that event -rebel: v. ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Ù / to oppose or fight against someone in authority or against an idea or situation which you do not agree with -eccentric: adj. ±«Â¥ÀÎ, º°³ / behaving in a way that is unusual and different from most people -flee: v. ´Þ¾Æ³ª´Ù, µµ¸ÁÇÏ´Ù / to leave somewhere very quickly -dissolution: n. ÇØÃ¼, ¼Ò¸ê / the act of breaking up an organization, institution etc so that it no longer exists -brutal: adj. ÀÜȤÇÑ, ¾Ç¶öÇÑ / very cruel and violent -uprising: n. ºÀ±â, ¹Ý¶õ / an attempt by a group of people to change the government, laws -concede: v. ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù, ¼ö±àÇÏ´Ù / to admit that something is true or correct, although you wish it was not there
[Àü¹® ¹ø¿ª] 9¿ù 12ÀÏ Tripoli¿¡¼, ¼öõ ¸íÀÇ Libya »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¼ø±³ÀÚÀÇ ±¤Àå(Martyr¡¯s Square)¿¡ ¸ð¿´´Âµ¥, ±×°÷Àº ÀÌÀü¿¡´Â ³ì»ö±¤Àå(Green Square)À¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ³´ø Ä¿´Ù¶õ Áß¾Ó ±¤ÀåÀ¸·Î À̹ø ¿©¸§ÀÇ Çõ¸í¿¡¼ Á×Àº »ç¶÷µéÀ» ±â¸®±â À§ÇÏ¿© ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ °³ÄªµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº ±× ³ª¶óÀÇ Àå±â µ¶ÀçÀÚ Muammar Gaddafi ´ë·ÉÀ» ¹°·¯³ª°Ô ÇÑ ±¹°¡°úµµÀ§¿øÈ¸(National Transition Council¡ªNTC)ÀÇ ÀÇÀåÀÎ Mustafa Abdel JalilÀÇ ¿¬¼³À» µéÀ¸·Á°í ±×°÷¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. JalilÀº ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ, À̽½¶÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¸Áß, ¹ý·ü ±×¸®°í Á¤ºÎ°¡ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ¿©¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÓ¹«¸¦ °¡Áø »õ·Î¿î Libya¸¦ ¾à¼ÓÇß´Ù. ±ºÁßÀº Âùµ¿ÇÏ¿© ȯȣÇß´Ù.
¼¼°èÀÇ ½Ã¼±Àº Á¤ºÎÀÇ ±Ç·Â³²¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ÆòÈÀû Ç×Àǰ¡ GaddafiÀÇ ¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î ±º´ëÀÇ Æø·Â°ú Á÷¸éÇß´ø 2¿ùºÎÅÍ Tripoli¿¡ °íÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ½ÃÀ§´Â Àü±¹À» ÈÛ¾´ Ä£ ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ ºÀ±â·Î È®´ëµÇ¾î, 8¿ù¿¡ ÀúÇ×¼¼·ÂÀÌ Tripoli¸¦ Àå¾ÇÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ³¡ÀÌ ³µ´Ù. GaddafiÀÇ ¼ö½Ê ³â °£ Áö¹èÀÇ ±âÀÌÇÑ Æ¯Â¡µé °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª´Â Tripoli°¡ LibyaÀÇ °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ ¼öµµÀε¥µµ ±¹È¸³ª Á¤ºÎºÎ¼µéÀÌ ±×°÷¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇØ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù. ¡á ±×·¯³ª Tripoli´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª Gaddafi °¡Á·ÀÇ º»°ÅÁöÀ̾ú´Âµ¥, ±×µéÀº ±× µµ½ÃÀÇ ³²ºÎ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ Bab al Iziziya¶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â ȣȽº·´°í °æºñ°¡ »ï¾öÇÑ ÅÃÁö¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇß´Ù. ¡á NTCÀÇ ±º»çÁ¶Á÷ÀÎ ±¹°¡Çع決(NLA)ÀÌ 8¿ù ¸»¿¡ ±× ÅÃÁö¿¡ Ãĵé¾î°¬À» ¶§, Gaddafi¿Í ±×ÀÇ ½Ä±¸µéÀº ÀÌ¹Ì µµ¸ÁÃĹö·È´Ù. ¡á**ºñ·Ï Gaddafi°¡ ÆÐ¹è¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´õ¶óµµ, ÀÌ ±ÛÀ» ¾²°í ÀÖ´Â ÇöÀç 89°³ ±¹°¡µéÀÌ Tripoli¸¦ ±Ù°Å·Î ÇÑ NTCÀÇ Á¤ºÎ¸¦ ÀÌ¹Ì ÀÎÁ¤Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¡á
LibyaÀÇ ¼ÂÊ ±¹°æ °¡±îÀÌ ÁöÁßÇØ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Tripoli´Â ¿À·£ ¿ª»ç¸¦ °ÉÃļ ¿©·¯ Â÷·Ê ÁÖÀÎÀÌ ¹Ù²î¾ú´Ù. ¿ø·¡ Oea¶ó°í À̸§ÀÌ ºÙ¿©Áø, ±× µµ½Ã´Â Æä´ÏŰ¾ÆÀε鿡 ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥ Æä´ÏŰ¾ÆÀεéÀº ±× µµ½ÃÀÇ Ãµ¿¬ÀûÀÎ Ç×±¸¿Í ½±°Ô ¹æ¾îÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¹Ýµµ ¶§¹®¿¡ ±× Àå¼Ò°¡ ¸¶À½¿¡ µé¾úÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Á¦3¼¼±â¿¡´Â, ±× µµ½Ã¿Í ±× ÁÖº¯ Áö¿ªµéÀº ·Î¸¶Á¦±¹ÀÇ ÇÑ Áö¿ªÀ̾ú´Ù. ·Î¸¶ÀεéÀº ±× Áö¿ªÀ» Regio Tripolitana ¶Ç´Â ¡°¼¼ °³ÀÇ µµ½Ã¡ª Oea, Sabratha ±×¸®°í Leptis Magna¡ªÁö¿ª¡±À̶ó°í ¸í¸íÇß´Ù. ¼¼ µµ½Ã °¡¿îµ¥ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ µµ½Ã·Î¼ Oea´Â Tripoli¶ó´Â À̸§À» À¯ÁöÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ·Î¸¶ ¸ê¸Á ÈÄ, ±× Áö¿ªÀº ȸ±³µµ Áö¹èÇÏ¿¡ ³õ¿´´Âµ¥, óÀ½¿¡´Â ÀÌÁýÆ® ¿ÕÁ¶µé¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±×¸®°í ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ¿ÀÅ丸 Á¦±¹¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼¿´´Ù. Á¦1Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀüÀº ¿ÀÅ丸 Á¦±¹ÀÇ ÆÐ¹è¿Í ¼Ò¸êÀ» °¡Á®¿Í¼, ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ¿Í ±× ´ÙÀ½ ¿µ±¹¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ TripoliÀÇ ½Ä¹ÎÈÀÇ ±æÀ» ´ÙÁ³´Ù. ±× µµ½Ã´Â 1951³â¿¡¾ß Idris ¿Õ ¾Æ·¡ Libya µ¶¸³¿Õ±¹ÀÇ ¼öµµ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1969³â¿¡ Gaddafi°¡ ±º»çÄíµ¥Å¸·Î Á¢¼öÇÏ¿© Libya ¾Æ¶ø °øÈ±¹À» ¼¼¿ü´Ù. 40³â µ¿¾ÈÀÇ ÀÜÀÎÇÑ Á¤Ä¡Àû ¾ï¾Ð°ú ³»ÀüÀÌ ¹ß¹ßÇÑ ¶§¿¡µµ, Tripoli´Â ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿¡¼ °¡Àå ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ³ª¶óµé °¡¿îµ¥ ÇϳªÀÎ »ó¾÷°ú Á¦Á¶¾÷ÀÇ Áß½ÉÁö¿´´Ù. 2009³â ÀÚ·Î, Libya´Â »ýȰ ¼öÁØ °èÃøÀÎ Àΰ£°³¹ßÁö¼ö¿¡¼ ±× ´ë·ú ÃÖ°íÀÇ Á¡¼ö¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. Tripoli´Â ¸¹Àº °í°íÇÐÀû À¯Àûµé°ú ¶§¹¯Áö ¾ÊÀº medina quarter ¶Ç´Â ¿¾ ½Ã°¡Áö¸¦ ÀÚ¶ûÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ÀÌÀ¯µé°ú »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ÂÈÇÑ ÁöÁßÇØ ±âÈÄ ¶§¹®¿¡, Tripoli´Â ÃÖ±Ù ÇØ¿Ü°ü±¤»ê¾÷ÀÌ ²ÙÁØÈ÷ Áõ°¡Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ±× °æÇâÀÌ Çõ¸íÀÇ ¸ÕÁö°¡ °¡¶ó¾ÉÀº µÚ¿¡ Àç°³µÉÁö´Â µÎ°í º¸¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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